Latest version and History

http://www.webdevelopmenthelp.net/2014/02/asp-net-mvc3-vs-mvc4-vs-mvc5.html
List of MVC version

Release history

Date	Version
10 December 2007	ASP.NET MVC CTP
13 March 2009	ASP.NET MVC 1.0[9]
16 December 2009	ASP.NET MVC 2 RC[10]
4 February 2010	ASP.NET MVC 2 RC 2[11]
10 March 2010	ASP.NET MVC 2[12]
6 October 2010	ASP.NET MVC 3 Beta[13]
9 November 2010	ASP.NET MVC 3 RC[13]
10 December 2010	ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2[14]
13 January 2011	ASP.NET MVC 3[15]
20 September 2011	ASP.NET MVC 4 Developer Preview[16]
15 February 2012	ASP.NET MVC 4 Beta[17]
31 May 2012	ASP.NET MVC 4 RC[18]
15 August 2012	ASP.NET MVC 4[19]
30 May 2013	ASP.NET MVC 4 4.0.30506.0 [20]
26 June 2013	ASP.NET MVC 5 Preview [21]
23 August 2013	ASP.NET MVC 5 RC 1[22]
17 October 2013	ASP.NET MVC 5[22]
17 January 2014	ASP.NET MVC 5.1[22]
10 February 2014	ASP.NET MVC 5.1.1[22]
4 April 2014	ASP.NET MVC 5.1.2[22]
22 June 2014	ASP.NET MVC 5.1.3[22]
1 July 2014	ASP.NET MVC 5.2.0[22]
28 August 2014	ASP.NET MVC 5.2.2[22]
9 February 2015	ASP.NET MVC 5.2.3[22]
7 November 2015	ASP.NET MVC 6.0.0-beta1[23]
18 November 2015	ASP.NET MVC 6.0.0-rc1[23]

webmatrix
3.0

microsoft Biztalk server

• 2000 - BizTalk Server 2000
• 2002 - BizTalk Server 2002
• 2004 - BizTalk Server 2004 (First version to run on Microsoft .NET 1.0)
• 2006 - BizTalk Server 2006 (First version to run on Microsoft .NET 2.0)
• 2007 - BizTalk Server 2006 R2 (First version to utilize the new Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) via native adapter - (Release date 2 October 2007))
• 2009 - BizTalk Server 2009 (First version to work with Visual Studio 2008)
• 2010 - BizTalk Server 2010^[6] (First version to work with Visual Studio 2010 and Microsoft .NET 4.0)
• 2013 - BizTalk 2013 (First version to work with Visual Studio 2012 and Microsoft .NET 4.5)^[7]
• 2014 - BizTalk 2013 R2 (First version to work with Visual Studio 2013 and Microsoft .NET 4.5.1)

HTML--->HTML5
CSS--->CSS3
Javascript
JQuery
JQueryMobile
AngularJS
AJAX
JSON
html DOM

c# version

6
vb version
7
7.1
8
9
10
11
14
----------------------------------

Overview of .NET Framework release history^[15]

Version number	CLR version	Release date	Included in			Replaces
			Development tool	Windows	Windows Server
1.0	1.0	2002-02-13	Visual Studio .NET[16]	N/A	N/A	N/A
1.1	1.1	2003-04-24	Visual Studio .NET 2003[16]	N/A	2003	1.0[17]
2.0	2.0	2005-11-07	Visual Studio 2005[18]	N/A	2003, 2003 R2,[19] 2008 SP2, 2008 R2 SP1	N/A
3.0	2.0	2006-11-06	Expression Blend[20][a]	Vista	2008 SP2, 2008 R2 SP1	2.0[15]
3.5	2.0	2007-11-19	Visual Studio 2008[21]	7, 8,[b] 8.1[b]	2008 R2 SP1	2.0, 3.0[15]
4.0	4	2010-04-12	Visual Studio 2010[22]	N/A	N/A	N/A
4.5	4	2012-08-15	Visual Studio 2012[23]	8	2012	4.0[15]
4.5.1	4	2013-10-17	Visual Studio 2013[24]	8.1	2012 R2	4.0, 4.5
4.5.2	4	2014-05-05	N/A	N/A	N/A	4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1

Version	RTM (no SP)	SP1	SP2	SP3	SP4	SP5
SQL Server 2014	12.0.2000.8	12.0.4100.1
SQL Server 2012	11.0.2100.60	11.0.3000.0	11.0.5058.0
SQL Server 2008 R2	10.50.1600.1	10.50.2500.0 / 10.51.2500.0	10.50.4000.0 / 10.52.4000.0	10.50.6000.34
SQL Server 2008	10.0.1600.22	10.0.2531.0	10.0.4000.0	10.0.5500.0	10.0.6000.29
SQL Server 2005	9.0.1399.06	9.0.2047	9.0.3042	9.0.4035	9.0.5000
SQL Server 2000	8.0.194	8.0.384	8.0.532	8.0.760	8.0.2039
SQL Server 7.0	7.0.623	7.0.699	7.0.842	7.0.961	7.0.1063
SQL Server 6.5	6.50.201	6.50.213	6.50.240	6.50.258 (SP3a)	6.50.281	6.50.416 (SP5a)
SQL Server 6.0	6.0.121	6.0.124	6.0.139	6.0.151

Prior to Visual Studio

Product name	Codename	Internal version	Supported .NET Framework versions	Release date
Visual Studio	N/A	4.0	N/A	April 1995
Visual Studio 97	Boston	5.0	N/A	February 1997
Visual Studio 6.0	Aspen	6.0	N/A	June 1998
Visual Studio .NET (2002)	Rainier	7.0	1.0	February 13, 2002
Visual Studio .NET 2003	Everett	7.1	1.1	April 24, 2003
Visual Studio 2005	Whidbey	8.0	2.0, 3.0	November 7, 2005
Visual Studio 2008	Orcas	9.0	2.0, 3.0, 3.5	November 19, 2007
Visual Studio 2010	Dev10/Rosario	10.0	2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0	April 12, 2010
Visual Studio 2012	Dev11	11.0	2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2	September 12, 2012
Visual Studio 2013	Dev12	12.0	2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2	October 17, 2013
Visual Studio 2015	Dev14	14.0	2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6	Summer / Autumn 2015

Servers

Windows 2000 Server (February 2000)

• Windows Server 2003 (April 2003)
• Windows Server 2003 R2 (December 2005)
• Windows Server 2008 (February 2008)
• Windows Server 2008 R2 (July 2009)
• Windows Server 2012 (August 2012)
• Windows Server 2012 R2 (October 2013)
• Windows Server 2016 (upcoming)

IIS

Version	Obtained from	Operating System
1	Included with Windows NT 3.51 SP 3 (or as a self-contained download).	Windows NT Server 3.51
2	Included with Windows NT Server 4.0.	Windows NT Server 4.0
3	Included with Windows NT Server 4.0 Service Pack 3 (Internet Information Server 2.0 is automatically upgraded to Internet Information Server 3.0 during the install of SP3).	Windows NT Server 4.0
4	Self-contained download from www.microsoft.com or the Windows NT Option Pack compact disc.	Windows NT Server 4.0 SP3 and Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.01
5	Built-in component of Windows 2000.	Windows 2000
5.1	Built-in component of Windows XP Professional.	Windows XP Professional
6	Built-in component of Windows Server 2003.
7	Built-in component of Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008.	Windows Vista and WIndows Server 2008
7.5	Built-in component of Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2.	Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2
8	Built-in component of Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012.	Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012

Product	Vendor	April 2014	Percent	May 2014	Percent	Change
Apache	Apache	361,853,003	37.74%	366,262,346	37.56%	-0.18%
IIS	Microsoft	316,843,695	33.04%	325,854,054	33.41%	+0.37%
nginx	NGINX, Inc.	146,204,067	15.25%	142,426,538	14.60%	-0.64%
GWS	Google	20,983,310	2.19%	20,685,165	2.12%	-0.07%

Oracle version

Since version 2, Oracle's RDBMS release numbering has used the following codes:

• Oracle v2 : 2.3
• Oracle v3 : 3.1.3
• Oracle v4 : 4.1.4.0-4.1.4.4
• Oracle v5 : 5.0.22, 5.1.17, 5.1.22
• Oracle v6 : 6.0.17-6.0.36 (no OPS code), 6.0.37 (with OPS)
• Oracle7: 7.0.12–7.3.4
• Oracle8 Database: 8.0.3–8.0.6
• Oracle8i Database Release 1: 8.1.5.0–8.1.5.1
• Oracle8i Database Release 2: 8.1.6.0–8.1.6.3
• Oracle8i Database Release 3: 8.1.7.0–8.1.7.4
• Oracle9i Database Release 1: 9.0.1.0–9.0.1.5 (Patchset as of December 2003)
• Oracle9i Database Release 2: 9.2.0.1–9.2.0.8 (Patchset as of April 2007)
• Oracle Database 10g Release 1: 10.1.0.2–10.1.0.5 (Patchset as of February 2006)
• Oracle Database 10g Release 2: 10.2.0.1–10.2.0.5 (Patchset as of April 2010)
• Oracle Database 11g Release 1: 11.1.0.6–11.1.0.7 (Patchset as of September 2008)
• Oracle Database 11g Release 2: 11.2.0.1–11.2.0.4 (Patchset as of August 2013)
• Oracle Database 12c Release 1: 12.1 (Patchset as of June 2013)
• Oracle Database 12c Release 1: 12.1.0.2 (Patchset as of July 2014)

OS

Operating system	Version number
Windows 10 Insider Preview	10.0*
Windows Server Technical Preview	10.0*
Windows 8.1	6.3*
Windows Server 2012 R2	6.3*
Windows 8	6.2
Windows Server 2012	6.2
Windows 7	6.1
Windows Server 2008 R2	6.1
Windows Server 2008	6.0
Windows Vista	6.0
Windows Server 2003 R2	5.2
Windows Server 2003	5.2
Windows XP 64-Bit Edition	5.2
Windows XP	5.1
Windows 2000	5.0

object relational mapping
There are many ORM frameworks for .net in the market like DataObjects.Net, NHibernate, OpenAccess, SubSonic etc. ADO.NET Entity Framework is from Microsoft.

.NET

• Base One Foundation Component Library, free or commercial
• Castle ActiveRecord, ActiveRecord for .NET, open source
• DatabaseObjects .NET, open source
• DataObjects.NET, commercial
• Dapper, open source
• ECO, commercial but free use for up to 12 classes
• Entity Framework, included in .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 and above
• EntitySpaces, was commercial, now free
• iBATIS, free open source, maintained by ASF but now inactive.
• LINQ to SQL, included in .NET Framework 3.5
• LLBLGen Pro, commercial
• Neo, open source but now inactive.
• NHibernate, open source
• nHydrate, open source
• Persistor.NET, free or commercial
• Quick Objects, free or commercial
• Signum Framework, open source
• SubSonic, open source

EntityFramework Version	Introduced Features
EF 3.5	Basic O/RM support with Database First approach.
EF 4.0	POCO Support, Lazy loading, testability improvements, customizable code generation and the Model First approach.
EF 4.1	First to available of NuGet package, Simplified DBContext API over ObjectContext, Code First approach. EF 4.1.1 patch released with bug fixing of 4.1.
EF 4.3	Code First Migrations feature that allows a database created by Code First to be incrementally changed as your Code First model evolves. EF 4.3.1 patch released with bug fixing of EF 4.3.
EF 5.0 - Current release	Announced EF as Open Source. Introduced Enum support, table-valued functions, spatial data types, multiple-diagrams per model, coloring of shapes on the design surface and batch import of stored procedures, EF Power Tools and various performance improvements.
EF 6.0 - Future release	EF 6.0 is currently in pre-release state. It will include Task-based async, Stored Procedures & Functions in Code First and Custom Code First conventions.

jQuery

Version number	Release date	Latest update	Additional notes
1.0	August 26, 2006		First stable release
1.1	January 14, 2007
1.2	September 10, 2007
1.3	January 14, 2009		Sizzle Selector Engine introduced into core
1.4	January 14, 2010
1.5	January 31, 2011		Deferred callback management, ajax module rewrite
1.6	May 3, 2011		Significant performance improvements to the attr() and val() functions
1.7	November 3, 2011		New Event APIs: .on() and .off(), while the old APIs are still supported.
1.8	August 9, 2012		Sizzle Selector Engine rewritten, improved animations and $(html, props) flexibility.
1.9	January 15, 2013	1.9.1 (February 4, 2013)[25]	Removal of deprecated interfaces and code cleanup
1.10	May 24, 2013	1.10.2 (July 3, 2013)	Incorporated bug fixes and differences reported from both the 1.9 and 2.0 beta cycles
1.11	January 24, 2014	1.11.0 (January 24, 2014)
2.0	April 18, 2013	2.0.3 (July 3, 2013)	Dropped IE 6–8 support for performance improvements and reduction in filesize
2.1	January 24, 2014	2.1.0 (January 24, 2014)

IIS interview Question

What is the Role of Windows Activation Process in IIS ?

WAP is the Controller of Worker process under a Application Pool. Windows Activation Process which is managed by the worker process by starting, stopping and recycling the application pool. When to start, stop and Recycle should be defined on Application Pool Settings. Activation Process is also responsible for Health Monitor of Application Pool during runtime.

FYI : Health monitoring setting can be easily found in Properties of Application Pool.

What are the different type of application pool available in IIS 7.0 ?

IIS 7.0 having two types of application pool.
1. DefaultAppPool (Integrated)
2. ClassicAppPoolWhat are the worker process for IIS 5.1 and IIS 6.0 ?

For IIS 5.1 > aspnet_wp.exe
For IIS 6.0 > w3wp.exe


What is Web Farm ?

This is one of the most question in IIS. And along with that interviewer can as what is the different between Web farm and Web Garden ?

When we hosted our web Application on multiple web server under a load balancer call the Web Farm. This is generally used for heavy load web application where there are many user request at a time. So When Web Application is hosted on Different IIS Server over a load balancer, Load balancer is responsible for distribute the load on different server.

What is the default Identity of an Application Pool ?

NetworkServices


How can we set the default page for any web application ?

We can set the default page for a web site from the Virtual Directory Setting.
How To :
IIS Manager > Virtual Directory > Right Click > Properties > GoTo Document Tab.


How we can set the Idle Time out of an worker process ?

We can set the Idle time out for an worker process from Application Pool Properties.
In Performance Tab of Application pool, we can set the Idle Time out of the worker process. This means worker process will shut down after that given time period if it stay idle. And will again wake up again if a new request comes.


Can we create one Application Pool From Another Application Pool ?

Yes. We can.

While creating Application Application Pool From IIS, there should have two option available first one is for Default Setting and Another is for Existing Setting as template.
We can select the second one and from the drop down listed below we can select any on the Application Pool as Template,.


What are the main components of SVCHost.exe ?

Main components for SVCHost.exe are WWW Publishing Service (W3SVC) and Windows Activation Porcess (WAP) .

W3SVC is the mediator of HTTP.SYS and Windows Activation Process. Windows Activation Process maintain the worker processes.

What are the different way that we can hosted site on IIS ?

We can hosted site on IIS either creating Virtual Directory through IIS manager or Using Folder Web Sharing .
Apart from that Visual studio provide some inbuilt features to host the site on IIS like using Publishing the web site , Using Copy web Tool or Creating Virtual directory during the creating the project by choosing Location as HTTP

How does IIS process an ASP.net request ?

When client request for an aspx pages, request comes to kernel level off IIS means to HTTP.SYS . HTTP.SYS receives the request and based on the application pool name [ Which is already registred with the HTTP.SYS ] it send the request to worker process. Windows Activation processworks as mediator of them. w3wp.exe loads "aspnet_isapi.dll" files to start the HTTPRuntime . HTTPRuntime creates HTTPApplication objects and all request are passed through HTTPModule and finally reached to HttpHandler . This is the request pipeline. After end of Request pipeline ASP.NET Page lifecycle starts.

From where we can set the Session Time Out in IIS ?

We can set the Session time out settings from the Virtual Directory for that site.
Right Click on Virtual Directory > Properties > Click on "Configuration" Button
Goto the "Option" Tab. There in Enable Session State Section you can configure the Session Timeout .


What are the different "Execution Permission" available for IIS for an virtual directory ?
There are three Execution Permission available.
1. None
2. Scripts Only
3. Scripts and Executable


From where you can change the ASP.NET Version in IIS ?
This can be change from Virtual Directory properties. First open Properties of Virtual Directory > GoTo ASP.NET Version Tab.
There we can have change the ASP.NET Version.


What is the default user name of an anonymous login in IIS?
In IIS, an anonymous user will be given with a user name of "IUSR_MachineName "


How can we take back-ups in IIS Server?

Step 1 : In the IIS (inetmgr), right click on the "Computer" icon under "Internet Information Services" . Click "All Tasks" and select "Backup/Restore Configuration".
Step 2 : Click on button "Create backup". Give Name for your backup file. If you want encryption enable encryption option and give UserName and Password and then click OK.


What is IIS metabase? And In which format IIS stors configurations?
IIS metabase is a special databse which is used to maintain the settings and configurations data for IIS. In simple term, it is a configuration base for IIS (Metabase.xml).
IIS 5.0 --> Metabse is in Binary.
IIS 6.0 & 7.5 --> Metabase is in XML.

List of Error & Status codes in IIS 6.0?

Status Code Type of Code
100 Series - Informational
200 Series - Success
300 Series - Redirection
400 Series - Client Error
500 Series - Server Error


How to recycle application pool from the command prompt in IIS7?

1. Use appcmd.exe to recycle the application pool from the command prompt.
2. appcmd.exe is the command line tool for IIS7, you will find this tool at following location :
%systemroot%\system32\inetsrv\appcmd
3. To recycle your application pool use the following command:
appcmd recycle apppool /apppool.name:<application pool name>


What are the Different steps to be followed to get SSL(Secure Sockets Layer) for our Web Application ?

. Intially we have to Generate a certificate request from our IIS
. Now we have to request a certificate from the certificate authority(CA)
. This CA is an entity which issues Digital Certificates.
. After receiving the certificate we have to install that particular certificate on our Web Server using IIS
. We have to use Secure Hyper Text Transfer Protocol(HTTPS) when accessing secure pages in our application.
By this way we could make our web page as SSL protected. !!!

Which DLL is used to translate XML to SQL in Internet Information Services (IIS) ?


What is the purpose of IIS application pools?
In simplest words we use applicaiton pools for ISOLATION purpose.


what is Windows Process Activation Service ?
The Windows Process Activation Service (WAS) provides process activation, resource management and health management services for message-activated applications. It manages application pool configuration and the creation and lifetime of worker processes for HTTP and other protocols (net.tcp,net.pipe,net.msmq)


How can we check whether IIS is being installed in my system or not?
To verify if IIS is installed or not we need to go to ’Add or Remove Programs’ utility in the Control panel and click on the ’Add/Remove Windows Components’ in the side menu.
There we must locate an item called "Internet Information Services (IIS)". If this is checked, IIS should be installed.
So that you can have your IIS installed in your system if it is not installed.What are the permission settings are available for Virtual Directory ? 

Below are the list of permission that can be set during virtaul directory creation
1. Read
2. Run Scripts
3. Execute:
4. Write:
5. Browse


What is the use of Enable Pinging Properties for Application Pool ?

IIS should periodically monitor the health of a worker process

[ Idle or not , Time for recycle or not, All Worker process are running properly or not ] .
Pining means, Activation Process monitor Worker process performance, health, idle time etc.
By default it sets to 30s .


Does One Web Application can have multiple Application Pool ?

No. Every Web Application should have one Application Pool. Bydefault it is "DefaultAppPool ".


How we can save an Application Pool Settings?

Application Pool Settings can be save as "XML" Format.

Right Click on Application Pool > All Task > Save Configuration to a File .

This will save all the settings of Application Pool as an XML file.We can make It

password protected also.


Which Tool is used for Remote IIS Debugging ?

Tools is : msvsmon.exe

This is located at : Install path\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote Debugger\x86


What are the different authentication mode available for IIS Remote Debugging ?

For IIS Remote Debugging msvsmon supported two authentication mode

1. Windows Authentication
2. No-Authentication How can we get the list of worker process running in IIS along with the Application pool name ? 

By running iisapp.vbs script from command Prompt.

Below are the steps :
1. Start > Run > Cmd
2. Go To Windows > System32
3. Run cscript iisapp.vbs

If there are multiple worker process running on IIS, then how can you attach a particular worker

process for application ?

Well, If there are multiple worker process running in IIS, it means I have to know the name of my application pool. Then I can run cscript iisapi.vbs script to find out the process ID and 
Application Pool name Based on the process Id for particular application.
I have to attache the process from Visual studio IDE.


Why do we need to IIS Remote Debugging ?

There are following reasons where we can use remote debugging
1. Your development server does not have IIS installed.
2. Development server and Build/Released/Hosting Server is different
3. Multiple user want to debug simultaneously.Does IIS allows multiple user to Remote debug simultaneously ? 

Yes. This is one of the great features of msvsmon.exe . Each instance of the remote
debugger has a unique server name.we can give an instance of the remote debugger
any server name. Now multiple user can able to access the server instance.

What is the use of aspnet_regiis -i command ?

This is used automatically register the .NET Framework with your IIS.

Can we have multiple web sites on IIS ?

Yes. IIS Can have multiple web sites and Each and every web sites can have multiple virtual Directory.

Where is the default location for IIS Log files ?

Its
C:\WINDOWS\system32\LogFiles\W3SVC1What are the major innovation in IIS 7.0 ? 

Below are the Major Innovation in IIS 7.0
Components are designed as module and there are major change in administration settings.
FYI : You can find out many of them, just go thorugh Microsoft IIS web site.


What is the Role of Windows Activation Process in IIS ?

WAP is the Controller of Worker process under a Application Pool. Windows Activation Process which is managed by the worker process by starting, stopping and recycling the application pool. When to start, stop and Recycle should be defined on Application Pool Settings. Activation Process is also responsible for Health Monitor of Application Pool during runtime.

FYI : Health monitoring setting can be easily found in Properties of Application Pool. How can we set the default page for any web application ? 

We can set the default page for a web site from the Virtual Directory Setting.
How To :
IIS Manager > Virtual Directory > Right Click > Properties > GoTo Document Tab. How we can set the Idle Time out of an worker process ? 

We can set the Idle time out for an worker process from Application Pool Properties.
In Performance Tab of Application pool, we can set the Idle Time out of the worker process.
This means worker process will shut down after that given time period if it stay idle.
And will again wake up again if a new request comes.what is Windows Process Activation Service ? 

The Windows Process Activation Service (WAS) provides process activation, resource management and health management services for message-activated applications. It manages application pool configuration and the creation and lifetime of worker processes for HTTP and other protocols (net.tcp,net.pipe,net.msmq)


What are the Different Authentication Methods(Using Windows Authentication) which are provided by IIS ?
Generally IIS provides four different kinds of Authentication Methods they are :

Anonymous Method

If we select this authentication, IIS doesn't perform any authentication so that any one can access the application.

Basic Method

If we select this method, the user who access the application should provide windows username and password to access the application. Although this is sent through a network by transmitting direct text so it it very insecure.

Digest Method

This method is almost equal to Basic method but the difference is the password is hashed before it is transmitted through out a network.

Windows Integrated Method

In this the application uses the Kerberos protocol to validate(Authenticate) the user. This uses a Secret key cryptography which provides strign authentication for Client/Server applications. How can we check whether IIS is being installed in my system or not? 

To verify if IIS is installed or not we need to go to ’Add or Remove Programs’ utility in the Control panel and click on the ’Add/Remove Windows Components’ in the side menu.

There we must locate an item called "Internet Information Services (IIS)". If this is checked, IIS should be installed.

So that you can have your IIS installed in your system if it is not installed


What is the Name of Default Application Pool in IIS ?

Though we can create new application pool IIS with different settings, but IIS having

its own default application pool named :DefaultAppPool What are the different types of Identity available in IIS 6.0 ? 

IIS having three different Identity.
1. Local System
2. Local Services
3. NetworkServices Name of default Identity of IIS6.0 

Default Identity of IIS 6.0 is NetworkServices .
Which is having very minimum rights on your system. The user can only have the read access of the site. What is Recycling of Application Pool ? 

ecycling Application pool means recycle the Worker process (w3wp.exe ) and the

memory used for the web application.
There are two types of recycling related with Application pool

1. Recycling Worker Process - Predefined Settings
2. Recycling Worker Process - Based on Memory What are the main layers of IIS Architecture ? 

IIS having mainly two layer Kernel Mode and User Mode

Below are the subsection of both of them.
1. Kernel Mode
o HTTP.SYS
2. User Mode
o Web Admin Service
o Virtual Directory
o Application Pool What is the Role of Http.Sys in IIS ? 

HTTP.SYS is the kernel level components of IIS. All client request comes from client

hit the HTTP.Sys of Kernel level. HTTP.SYS then makes a queue for each and every request

for each and individual application pool based on the request.
Whenever we create any application pool IIS automatically registers the pool

with HTTP.SYS to identify the particular during request processing. What are the different security settings available in IIS ? 

Below are the commonly used IIS Security settings
1 Anonymous
2 Integrated Windows Authentication
3. Basic Authentication
4. Digest Authentication
5. Passport Authentication

For Set security permission you need to

go to Virtul Directory > Right Click > Properties > Directory Security
Click on Edit Button . What is the default authentication settings for IIS ? 

Anonymous authentication is the default authentication mode for any site that is hosted on IIS,
and it runs under the"IUSR_[ServerName]" account.


What is web garden ?

By default Each Application Pool runs with a Single Worker Process (W3Wp.exe).
We can assign multiple Worker Process With a Single Application Pool.
An Application Poll with multiple Worker process called Web Gardens. Each Worker Process Should have there own Thread and Own Memory space. 
Generally its not recommended to use InProc Session mode while we are using Web Garden. Where session data stores in case of "In-Proc" Session mode ? 

Session data store inside process memory of worker process [ w3wp.exe ] .

How we can create an web garden ?

For creating web graden we need to go to Application Pool,
then Right Click on Application Pool > Properties > Goto Performance Tab

In Web Garden Section, increase the number of worker process. By default it is 1. How we can debug a web application which is hosted on IIS ? 

We can easily debug any web application that are hosted on IIS by using Attaching of Worker

Process.
From Visual Studio IDE > Tools > Attach To Process
Select the particular Process, then start debugging.

Converting VS 2010 Solution file to VS 2008 solution file

If you are working with VS 2010 (any edition) and cannot open your 2010 solution on VS 2008, then just follow these 3 steps:

For <PROJECT_NAME>.sln:

Open the solution file in your favorite text editor (example: Notepad).

Find the following:
Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 11.00.
# Visual Studio 2010.
Replace with:
Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 10.00. (I)
# Visual Studio 2008. (II, optional)


For <Project_name >.csproj/vbproj:

Open project file in your favorite text editor (example: Notepad++).

Find the following:
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">.
Replace with:
<Project ToolsVersion="3.5" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">. (III)


After these changes, you may receive the below error:
Unable to read the project file 'XXX.csproj'.

C:\Project path\XXX.csproj(89,11): The imported project "C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v10.0\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" was not found. Confirm that the path in the <Import> declaration is correct, and that the file exists on disk.

To fix this error, just change the VS version(v10.0 to v9.0) in your <Project_name >.csproj/vbproj file, that's all

Now you can open your solution file on VS2008.
Reverse of this will enable VS2008 solution to open in VS2010.

Design Patterns

Design patterns are recurring solutions to software design problems you find again and again in real-world application development. 

Patterns are about design and interaction of objects, as well as providing a communication platform concerning elegant, reusable solutions to commonly encountered programming challenges.

The Gang of Four (GoF) patterns are generally considered the foundation for all other patterns.
They are categorized in three groups:
1) Creational
2) Structural
3) Behavioral.

Creational Patterns:
These patterns provide solutions that encapsulate the logic to instantiate or create objects.

Abstract Factory
Creates an instance of several families of classes
Builder
Separates object construction from its representation
Factory Method
Creates an instance of several derived classes
Prototype
A fully initialized instance to be copied or cloned
Singleton
A class of which only a single instance can exist

Structural Patterns:
These patterns describe how you can build increasingly complex and powerful classes and objects by combining classes or objects (respectively) together into larger entities.

Adapter
Match interfaces of different classes
Bridge
Separates an object’s interface from its implementation
Composite
A tree structure of simple and composite objects
Decorator
Add responsibilities to objects dynamically
Facade
A single class that represents an entire subsystem
Flyweight
A fine-grained instance used for efficient sharing
Proxy
An object representing another object


Behavioral Patterns:Behavioral patterns provide solutions that control how an object or objects behave at run-time. These patterns focus on how objects communicate or interact, and how classes are assigned responsibilities.


Chain of Resp.
A way of passing a request between a chain of objects
Command
Encapsulate a command request as an object
Interpreter
A way to include language elements in a program
Iterator
Sequentially access the elements of a collection
Mediator
Defines simplified communication between classes
Memento
Capture and restore an object's internal state
Observer
A way of notifying change to a number of classes
State
Alter an object's behavior when its state changes
Strategy
Encapsulates an algorithm inside a class
Template Method
Defer the exact steps of an algorithm to a subclass
Visitor
Defines a new operation to a class without change